You can access Assets and page attachmets from page/part/snippet/layout code using specific tags thumbnail_url, attachment_url, thumbnail_tag, image_tag.
{{ ':image.png' | thumbnail_url: 'size:100', 'absolute:true' }} <!-- global assets -->
{{ 'page1:image.png' | attachment_url: 'absolute:true' }} <!-- page1 file url -->
{{ 'image.png' | thumbnail_tag: 'size:100', 'title:A title', 'width:100px', 'height:200px' }} <!-- current page file -->
{{ page.attachments['filename.png'].url }} <!-- current page file -->
{{ pages['main'].attachments['filename.png'].image? }} <!-- "main" page file -->